Established in 1889 the Port Pirie smelter was expanded following purchase by Broken Hill Proprietary to supplant the Barrier field's own smelters. The effects of the war and the threat from other Broken Hill companies to establish a rival smelter led in 1915 to the establishment of Broken Hill Associated Smelters, jointly owned by BHP, Broken Hill South and North Broken Hill. Following the sale of BHP's interest in 1925, the smelter was expanded under Collins House control becoming for a while the largest lead smelting works in the world.

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